Как отменить последний коммит git
Тут нужно понять, что именно необходимо сделать. Потому что под отменой часто понимают удаление последнего коммита. Удалить последний коммит можно очень просто с помощью команды git reset . Причём можно как сохранить изменения в рабочей директории, так и полностью удалить все изменения сделанные в последнем коммите.
# удаляем только коммит git reset --hard HEAD~ # удаляем коммит и изменения А вот отменить изменения сделанные в последнем коммите можно с помощью команды git revert . Она делает еще один коммит, но с противоположными изменениями.
# нужно передать ей хеш коммита, который мы отменяем 28 декабря 2022
Обратите внимание, что команда git reset может быть опасна, поскольку она изменяет историю репозитория. Поэтому важно следить за тем, что вы делаете, и убедиться, что вы работаете над локальным репозиторием, а не с удаленным репозиторием, так как при изменении истории удаленного репозитория у других участников могут возникнуть проблемы с синхронизацией своих локальных репозиториев.
Undo changes in Git repository
You can always undo the changes you’ve made locally before you commit them:
- In the Commit tool window Alt+0 , select one or more files that you want to revert, and select Rollback from the context menu, or press Control+Alt+Z .
All changes made to the selected files since the last commit will be discarded, and they will disappear from the active changelist.
Unstage files
By default, IntelliJ IDEA uses the changelists concept where modified files are staged automatically.
- If a file is already under version control, and you do not want to commit it, you can:
- Remove it from the commit: do not select it in the Changes area of the Commit tool window.
- Move it to another changelist.
Also, by default IntelliJ IDEA suggests adding each newly created file under version control. You can change this behavior in Settings | Version Control | Confirmation using When files are created and When files are deleted settings respectively.
Undo the last commit
IntelliJ IDEA allows you to undo the last commit in the current branch.
You cannot undo a commit if it was pushed to a protected branch, that is a branch to which force —push is not allowed (configure protected branches in the Version Control | Git page of the IDE settings Control+Alt+S ) Note that if a branch is marked as protected on GitHub, IntelliJ IDEA will automatically mark it as protected when you check it out.
- Open the Git tool window Alt+9 and switch to the Log tab.
- Select the last commit in the current branch and choose Undo Commit from the context menu.
- In the dialog that opens, select a changelist where the changes you are going to discard will be moved. You can either select an existing changelist from the Name list, or specify the name of a new changelist (the commit message is used by default).
- Select the Set active option if you want to make the changelist with the changes you are about to discard the active changelist.
- Select the Track context option if you want IntelliJ IDEA to remember your context and reload currently opened files in the editor when this changelist becomes active.
Revert a pushed commit
If you notice an error in a specific commit that has already been pushed, you can revert that commit. This operation results in a new commit that reverses the effect of the commit you want to undo. Thus, the project history is preserved, as the original commit remains intact.
- Locate the commit you want to revert in the Log tab of the Git tool window Alt+9 , right-click it and select Revert Commit from the context menu. This option is also available from the context menu of a commit in the file History view. The Commit Changes dialog will open with an automatically generated commit message. If you apply this action to multiple commits selected in the Log view, a separate commit will be created to revert each of them.
- If the selected commit contains several files, and you only need to revert some of them, deselect the files you do not want to touch.
- Click Commit to commit a changeset that reverts the changes to the selected files in this particular commit.
Revert selected changes
IntelliJ IDEA lets you undo selected changes from a pushed commit if this commit contains multiple files and you only need to revert some of them.
- In the Log view select the commit containing the changes you want to discard.
- In the Changed Files pane, right-click the file that you want to revert and select Revert Selected Changes from the context menu. This results in a new commit that reverses the changes you want to undo.
Drop a commit
Unlike reverting a commit, which is reflected in the branch history, you can discard a pushed commit in the current branch without leaving any traces of the operation.
Like any operation that rewrites a branch history, dropping a commit requires a —force push and cannot be performed in protected branches (these can be configured in the Version Control | Git page of the IDE settings Control+Alt+S .
- Select a commit you want to discard in the Log view and choose Drop Commit from the context menu.
Reset a branch to a specific commit
If you notice an error in a set of recent commits and want to redo that part, you can roll back your repository to a specific state. This is done by resetting the current branch HEAD to a specified commit (and optionally resetting the index and working tree if you prefer not to reflect the undo in the history).
- Open the Version Control tool window Alt+9 and switch to the Log tab.
- Select the commit that you want to move HEAD onto and select Reset Current Branch to Here from the context menu.
- In the Git Reset dialog that opens, select how you want your working tree and the index to be updated and click Reset :
- Soft : all changes from commits that were made after the selected commit will be staged (that means they will be moved to the Changes view so that you can review them and commit later if necessary).
- Mixed : changes made after the selected commit will be preserved but will not be staged for commit.
- Hard : all changes made after the selected commit will be discarded (both staged and committed).
- Keep : committed changes made after the selected commit will be discarded, but local changes will be kept intact.
Get a previous revision of a file
If you need to revert a single file instead of discarding a whole commit that includes changes to several files, you can return to a particular version of that file:
- Select the necessary file in any view (the Project tool window, the editor, the Changes view, and so on).
- Select Git | Show History from the main VCS menu or from the context menu of the selection. The History tab is added to the Git tool window showing the history for the selected file and allowing you to review and compare its revisions.
- When you’ve identified the revision you want to roll back to, select it in the list and choose Get from the context menu.
Undo Last Commit
You want to fix it, but you haven’t memorized the Git voodoo chant. Good news. If you haven’t pushed yet, the IDE can make this really easy.
First go to the Git tool window and make sure you’re on the log tab.
It shows the list of commits on the current branch. The most recent one is at the top.
Right-click that commit and in the pop-up window, choose Undo Commit.
That commit has some changes. Let’s keep them in the default changelist. Now the commit tool window says I have changes.
And now that commit…never happened. Let’s look a little deeper.
The Problem
You are editing, say a Markdown file. Let’s leave the Commit tool window and Git tool window open, to see the updates as we go.
You change the title, and make a commit. And for the thousandth consecutive time, you spot a typo, just as the onkeyup event fires when clicking commit. Alas, the commit tool window shows that there are no changes. And, in your Git log, there it is, the mistaken commit.
That means it’s too late, right! Nope, if you haven’t pushed to a “protected” branch, you can clean things up locally. And the IDE puts a convenient UI atop the underlying Git command.
The Solution
In the Git tool window, find the most recent commit. It’s the one at the top. When we select it, we get more detail about the commit. We can double-click the file to see a diff of the change.
When you right-click on a commit, you get some actions you can take on it. Some might be grayed-out. For example, if we right-click on an older, pushed commit, we’ll see “Undo Commit” is grayed-out.
Back to the first commit. Right-click on it, and select “Undo Commit”.
Now, the commit had some changes in them, and these changes need to go somewhere. The IDE’s changelists provide such a place. We’ll stick with the Default Changelist .
This results in our Commit tool window showing the changes when we click ok.
A look in the Git log also shows a change.
That commit is…gone! We’re back to where we were before the commit.
What would this have been like from the command line? Let’s take a look at the Git tool’s Console tab, to see behind the scenes. There it is, the command that we would have had to type, from the command line.
- Undo the last commit
- Manage changelists
Откат коммита Git в Intellij Idea
Есть проект над которым работаю только я. Через идею расшарил проект на гитхабе. После некоторых изменений пушу весь проект на гитхаб. К примеру у меня есть 5 коммитов на гитхабе, но я что-то напортачил и точно знаю, что это произошло с 4го коммита. Как мне откатить в идее весь проект до 3го коммита?
Отслеживать
задан 23 ноя 2017 в 13:05
289 1 1 золотой знак 5 5 серебряных знаков 19 19 бронзовых знаковrevert не подходит? или хочется именно снести коммиты (что плохо). И хочется это сделать по нормальному или неправильно (через idea)?
23 ноя 2017 в 13:34
Те коммиты, которые следуют за 3м(т.е к примеру 3й коммит был удачной версией) не нужны. Смысл в том, чтобы не тратить время на изменение неудачного кода, а с помощью гита быстро вернуть всё в необходимое состояние, т.е в определённый коммит.
23 ноя 2017 в 14:23
Вам нужен git revert. В принципе, он есть прямо с gui
23 ноя 2017 в 14:23Почти, но не то. git revert в идее откатывает изменения пошагово и использует локальные данные. Мне же необходимо использовать именно коммиты из удалённого репозитория. Что-то вроде pull, только с возможностью выбора определенного коммита.
23 ноя 2017 в 15:10
2 ответа 2
Сортировка: Сброс на вариант по умолчанию
Если я правильно понял вопрос, то сначала клонируете проект с гитхаба, в Idea — VCS — Git — Сlone, затем идете на вкладку Version control, в ней вкладка log, в логе становитесь на нужный коммит, ПКМ — Reset Current Branch to Here — ну а там уже выбираете нужные варианты, самый жесткий/опасный, не оставляющий следов — hard.