Github desktop как пользоваться

Документация по GitHub Desktop

С помощью GitHub Desktop можно взаимодействовать с GitHub посредством графического пользовательского интерфейса вместо командной строки или веб-браузера. Вы можете использовать GitHub Desktop для выполнения большинства команд Git с настольного компьютера, таких как отправка в удаленные репозитории и извлечение из них, клонирование удаленных репозиториев, а также связывание фиксаций и создание запросов на вытягивание с визуальным подтверждением изменений.

Начните здесь

Создание первого репозитория с помощью GitHub Desktop

Установка GitHub Desktop

Проверка подлинности на GitHub в GitHub Desktop

Популярное

Клонирование и создание ветки для репозиториев из GitHub Desktop

Управление ветвями в GitHub Desktop

Синхронизация ветви в GitHub Desktop

Создание проблемы или запрос на вытягивание из GitHub Desktop

Новые возможности

Guides

Сохранение изменений в GitHub Desktop

With GitHub Desktop, you can interact with GitHub using a GUI instead of the command line or a web browser. You can use GitHub Desktop to complete most Git commands from your desktop, such as pushing to, pulling from, and cloning remote repositories, attributing commits, and creating pull requests, with visual confirmation of changes.

Отмена фиксации в GitHub Desktop

With GitHub Desktop, you can interact with GitHub using a GUI instead of the command line or a web browser. You can use GitHub Desktop to complete most Git commands from your desktop, such as pushing to, pulling from, and cloning remote repositories, attributing commits, and creating pull requests, with visual confirmation of changes.

Изменение фиксации в GitHub Desktop

Для изменения последней фиксации можно использовать GitHub Desktop.

Выбор фиксации в GitHub Desktop

With GitHub Desktop, you can interact with GitHub using a GUI instead of the command line or a web browser. You can use GitHub Desktop to complete most Git commands from your desktop, such as pushing to, pulling from, and cloning remote repositories, attributing commits, and creating pull requests, with visual confirmation of changes.

Настройка GitHub Desktop

Вы можете настроить GitHub Desktop в соответствии с вашими потребностями и внести свой вклад в проекты.

Part 1: Installing GitHub Desktop

You can install GitHub Desktop on any supported operating system. For more information, see «Supported operating systems for GitHub Desktop.»

To install GitHub Desktop, navigate to https://desktop.github.com/ and download the appropriate version of GitHub Desktop for your operating system. Follow the prompts to complete the installation. For more information, see «Installing GitHub Desktop.»

Part 2: Configuring your account

If you have an account on GitHub or GitHub Enterprise, you can use GitHub Desktop to exchange data between your local and remote repositories.

Creating an account

If you do not already have an account on GitHub.com, create one now. For more information, see «Signing up for a new GitHub account.»

Authenticating to GitHub

To connect to GitHub Desktop with GitHub, you’ll need to authenticate your account. For more information, see «Authenticating to GitHub in GitHub Desktop.»

After authenticating your account, you are ready to manage and contribute to projects with GitHub Desktop.

Part 3: Configuring Git

You must have Git installed before using GitHub Desktop. If you do not already have Git installed, you can download and install the latest version of Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads.

After you have Git installed, you’ll need to configure Git for GitHub Desktop. For more information, see «Configuring Git for GitHub Desktop.»

Part 4: Customizing GitHub Desktop

You can adjust defaults and settings to tailor GitHub Desktop to your needs.

Choosing a default text editor

You can open a text editor from GitHub Desktop to manipulate files and repositories. GitHub Desktop supports a variety of text editors and integrated development environments (IDEs) for Windows and macOS. You can choose a default editor in the GitHub Desktop settings. For more information, see «Configuring a default editor in GitHub Desktop.»

Choosing a theme

GitHub Desktop has multiple themes available to customize the look and feel of the app. You can choose a theme in the GitHub Desktop settings. For more information, see «Setting a theme for GitHub Desktop.»

Сведения о GitHub Desktop

GitHub Desktop helps you work with projects hosted on GitHub.

GitHub Desktop — это бесплатное приложение открытый код, которое помогает работать с файлами, размещенными на GitHub или других службах размещения Git.

Вы можете использовать GitHub Desktop вместе с любыми инструментами, которые необходимо внести в проект. Например, типичный рабочий процесс будет использовать GitHub Desktop для скачивания репозитория GitHub на компьютер и создания новой ветви, используйте редактор, например Visual Studio Code для внесения изменений в код, а затем вернуться к GitHub Desktop для фиксации и отправки изменений в GitHub.

Как и любое средство для внесения изменений в репозитории на GitHub, GitHub Desktop создается вокруг программного обеспечения управления версиями Git. Если вы не знакомы с Git и GitHub, вы можете легко приступить к работе с GitHub Desktop чем использовать Git в командной строке. Поскольку GitHub Desktop имеет графический пользовательский интерфейс, он упрощает многие аспекты Git, которые могут быть сложными для новых пользователей, таких как запоминание команд и визуализация внесенных изменений.

Даже если у вас есть опыт работы с командной строкой Git, вы можете воспользоваться включением GitHub Desktop в вашу работу. Если часто требуется найти синтаксис для менее распространенных команд Git, таких как выбор измененных строк для включения в фиксацию или добавление совместного автора в фиксацию, вы можете воспользоваться переходом на GitHub Desktop для выполнения этих команд.

Так как GitHub Desktop упрощает поиск таких команд и помогает визуализировать изменения, которые вы вводите с помощью встроенного представления диффа, он рекомендует рекомендации и помогает создавать точную и простую историю фиксации, чтобы другие сотрудники проекта могли легко просмотреть свою работу.

В отличие от других клиентов Git, GitHub Desktop специально предназначен для использования с GitHub, поэтому он может повысить эффективность работы с репозиториями на GitHub. Например, можно быстро пройти проверку подлинности в GitHub.com или GitHub Enterprise Server без необходимости использовать отдельный диспетчер учетных данных, и вы можете проверка запрос на вытягивание, чтобы запустить проверка, не открыв браузер.

GitHub Desktop доступен для Windows и macOS. Сведения об установке и начале работы с GitHub Desktopсм. в разделе «Начало работы с GitHub Desktop».

Если вы заинтересованы в проекте открытый код GitHub Desktop, вы можете просмотреть план, внести свой вклад в проект или открыть проблему для предоставления отзывов в репозитории desktop/desktop .

Дополнительные материалы

Создание первого репозитория с помощью GitHub Desktop

Вы можете использовать GitHub Desktop для создания репозитория Git и управления им без использования командной строки.

Introduction

GitHub Desktop is a free, open source application that helps you to work with code hosted on GitHub or other Git hosting services. With GitHub Desktop, you can perform Git commands, such as committing and pushing changes, in a graphical user interface, rather than using the command line. For more information, see «About GitHub Desktop.»

By the end of this guide, you’ll have used GitHub Desktop to create a repository, make changes to the repository, and publish the changes to GitHub Enterprise Server.

After installing GitHub Desktop and signing into GitHub or GitHub Enterprise you can create and clone a tutorial repository. The tutorial will introduce the basics of working with Git and GitHub, including installing a text editor, creating a branch, making a commit, pushing to GitHub.com, and opening a pull request. The tutorial is available if you do not have any repositories on GitHub Desktop yet.

We recommend completing the tutorial, but if you want to explore GitHub Desktop by creating a new repository, this guide will walk you through using GitHub Desktop to work on a Git repository.

Part 1: Installing GitHub Desktop and authenticating your account

You can install GitHub Desktop on any supported operating system. After you install the app, you will need to sign in and authenticate your account on GitHub or GitHub Enterprise before you can create and clone a tutorial repository.

For more information on installing and authenticating, see «Setting up GitHub Desktop.»

Part 2: Creating a new repository

If you do not have any repositories associated with GitHub Desktop, you will see a «Let’s get started!» view, where you can choose to create and clone a tutorial repository, clone an existing repository from the Internet, create a new repository, or add an existing repository from your hard drive.

Creating and cloning a tutorial repository

We recommend that you create and clone a tutorial repository as your first project to practice using GitHub Desktop.

1. Click Create a Tutorial Repository. .
2. Follow the prompts in the tutorial to install a text editor, create a branch, edit a file, make a commit, publish to GitHub, and open a pull request.

Creating a new repository

If you do not wish to create and clone a tutorial repository, you can create a new repository.

1. Click Create a New Repository on your Hard Drive. .
2. In the «Create a New Repository» window, fill in the fields and select your preferred options.
   • «Name» defines the name of your repository both locally and on GitHub Enterprise Server.
   • «Description» is an optional field that you can use to provide more information about the purpose of your repository.
   • «Local path» sets the location of your repository on your computer. By default, GitHub Desktop creates a GitHub folder inside your Documents folder to store your repositories, but you can choose any location on your computer. Your new repository will be a folder inside the chosen location. For example, if you name your repository Tutorial , a folder named Tutorial is created inside the folder you selected for your local path. GitHub Desktop remembers your chosen location the next time you create or clone a new repository.
   • Initialize this repository with a README creates an initial commit with a README.md file. READMEs helps people understand the purpose of your project, so we recommend selecting this and filling it out with helpful information. When someone visits your repository on GitHub Enterprise Server, the README is the first thing they’ll see as they learn about your project. For more information, see «About READMEs.»
   • The Git ignore drop-down menu lets you add a custom file to ignore specific files in your local repository that you don’t want to store in version control. If there’s a specific language or framework that you’ll be using, you can select an option from the available list. If you’re just getting started, feel free to skip this selection. For more information, see «Ignoring files.»
   • The License drop-down menu lets you add an open-source license to a LICENSE file in your repository. You don’t need to worry about adding a license right away. For more information about available open-source licenses and how to add them to your repository, see «Licensing a repository.»
3. Click Create repository.

Part 3: Exploring GitHub Desktop

In the file menu at the top of the screen, you can access settings and actions that you can perform in GitHub Desktop. Most actions also have keyboard shortcuts to help you work more efficiently. For a full list of keyboard shortcuts, see «GitHub Desktop keyboard shortcuts.»

The GitHub Desktop repository bar

At the top of the GitHub Desktop app, you will see a bar that shows the current state of your repository.

• Current repository shows the name of the repository you’re working on. You can click Current repository to switch to a different repository in GitHub Desktop.
• Current branch shows the name of the branch you’re working on. You can click Current branch to view all the branches in your repository, switch to a different branch, or create a new branch. Once you create pull requests in your repository, you can also view these by clicking on Current branch.
• Publish repository appears because you haven’t published your repository to GitHub Enterprise Server yet, which you’ll do later in the next step. This section of the bar will change based on the status of your current branch and repository. Different context dependent actions will be available that let you exchange data between your local and remote repositories.

Changes and History

In the left sidebar, you’ll find the Changes and History views.

• The Changes view shows changes you’ve made to files in your current branch but haven’t committed to your local repository. At the bottom, there is a box with «Summary» and «Description» text boxes and a Commit to BRANCH button. This is where you’ll commit new changes. The Commit to BRANCH button is dynamic and will display which branch you’re committing your changes to.
• The History view shows the previous commits on the current branch of your repository. You should see an «Initial commit» that was created by GitHub Desktop when you created your repository. To the right of the commit, depending on the options you selected while creating your repository, you may see .gitattributes, .gitignore, LICENSE, or README files. You can click each file to see a diff for that file, which is the changes made to the file in that commit. The diff only shows the parts of the file that have changed, not the entire contents of the file

Part 4: Publishing your repository to GitHub Enterprise Server

When you create a new repository, it only exists on your computer and you are the only one who can access the repository. You can publish your repository to GitHub Enterprise Server to keep it synchronized across multiple computers and allow other people to access it. To publish your repository, push your local changes to GitHub Enterprise Server.

In the repository bar, click Publish repository.

• GitHub Desktop automatically fills the «Name» and «Description» fields with the information you entered when you created the repository.
• Keep this code private lets you control who can view your project. If you leave this option unselected, other users on GitHub Enterprise Server will be able to view your code. If you select this option, your code will not be publicly available.
• The Organization drop-down menu, if present, lets you publish your repository to a specific organization that you belong to on GitHub Enterprise Server.

1. Click Publish Repository.
2. You can access the repository on GitHub.com from within GitHub Desktop. In the file menu, click Repository, then click View on GitHub. This will take you directly to the repository in your default browser.

Part 5: Making, committing, and pushing changes

Now that you’ve created and published your repository, you’re ready to make changes to your project and start crafting your first commit to your repository.

To launch your external editor from within GitHub Desktop, in the «GitHub Desktop» menu bar, select Repository, then click Open in EDITOR. For more information, see «Configuring a default editor in GitHub Desktop.»

Make some changes to the README.md file that you previously created. You can add information that describes your project, like what it does and why it is useful. When you are satisfied with your changes, save them in your text editor.

In GitHub Desktop, navigate to the Changes view. In the file list, you should see your README.md. The checkbox to the left of the README.md file indicates that the changes you’ve made to the file will be part of the commit you make. In the future, you might make changes to multiple files but only want to commit the changes you’ve made to some of the files. If you click the checkbox next to a file, that file will not be included in the commit.

At the bottom of the Changes list, enter a commit message. To the right of your profile picture, type a short description of the commit. Since we’re changing the README.md file, «Add information about purpose of project» would be a good commit summary. Below the summary, you’ll see a «Description» text field where you can type a longer description of the changes in the commit, which is helpful when looking back at the history of a project and understanding why changes were made. Since you’re making a basic update of a README.md file, you can skip the description.

Below your commit message, click Commit to BRANCH NAME. The commit button shows your current branch so you can be sure to commit to the branch you want.

To push your changes to the remote repository on GitHub Enterprise Server, click Push origin.

• The Push origin button is the same one that you clicked to publish your repository to GitHub Enterprise Server. This button changes contextually based on where you are at in the Git workflow. It should now say Push origin with a 1 next to it, indicating that there is one commit that has not been pushed up to GitHub Enterprise Server.
• The «origin» in Push origin means that you are pushing changes to the remote called origin , which in this case is your project’s repository on GitHub.com. Until you push any new commits to GitHub Enterprise Server, there will be differences between your project’s repository on your computer and your project’s repository on GitHub.com. This allows you to work locally and only push your changes to GitHub.com when you’re ready.

In the window to the right of the Changes view, you’ll see suggestions for actions you can do next. To open the repository on GitHub Enterprise Server in your browser, click View on GitHub Enterprise Server.

In your browser, click 2 commits. You’ll see a list of the commits in this repository on GitHub Enterprise Server. The first commit should be the commit you just made in GitHub Desktop.

Conclusion

You’ve now created a repository, published the repository to GitHub Enterprise Server, made a commit, and pushed your changes to GitHub Enterprise Server. You can follow this same workflow when contributing to other projects that you create or collaborate on.

Further reading

• «Getting started with Git»
• «Learning about GitHub»
• «Get started with GitHub documentation»

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